DevOps

Introduction Containers revolutionized the way we package and deploy applications. Two major containerization technologies are LXC (Linux Containers) and Docker. While they serve similar purposes, their underlying architecture and usage differ significantly. What is LXC? LXC is a userspace interface for the Linux kernel containment features. It creates system-level containers that behave more like lightweight virtual machines. Key Characteristics System containers (can run full OS) Uses cgroups and namespaces directly Close to the kernel Pros Great for simulating full Linux environments Low overhead Flexible networking Cons More complex setup Less standardization across environments Not focused on developer UX What is Docker? Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers. It builds on top of container runtimes and provides tooling, APIs, and images. ...

Introduction to HTTP HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the foundation of data communication on the web. It’s a client-server protocol used for fetching resources such as HTML documents, images, and APIs. HTTP Versions Overview HTTP/1.1 Released in 1997 Supports persistent connections (keep-alive) Still widely used Limitation: Head-of-line blocking HTTP/2 Binary protocol introduced in 2015 Multiplexing: Multiple streams over a single TCP connection Header compression (HPACK) Server push (optional) Faster than HTTP/1.1 HTTP/3 Uses QUIC instead of TCP Built-in encryption (TLS 1.3 only) Better performance on lossy networks Fully multiplexed, no head-of-line blocking WebSockets WebSockets provide a full-duplex communication channel over a single TCP connection. ...

Introduction: What is Helm? Imagine if you had a package manager for Kubernetes, just like apt or yum for Linux. That’s Helm. Helm helps you manage Kubernetes applications — think of it as the Yum/Apt for Kubernetes. With Helm, you don’t have to manually write all the YAML manifests. Instead, you use or create a Chart (a packaged app), and Helm will take care of the rest. Why Use Helm? 💡 Simplifies complex deployments ⚙️ Helps manage versions and rollbacks 🔁 Enables reproducible builds and upgrades 📦 Reuses templates to avoid duplication How Helm Works Helm uses: ...

What is a CDN? A CDN (Content Delivery Network) is a geographically distributed network of servers designed to deliver content (like images, scripts, and videos) to users faster by serving them from locations closest to them. Why Use a CDN? 1. Faster Load Times Content is cached at edge locations, reducing latency. 2. Reduced Server Load Requests are offloaded from origin servers, improving scalability. 3. Improved Availability CDNs handle traffic surges and DDoS mitigation. ...

How to Restore a Deleted File in Git Accidentally deleted a file in your Git repository and need to get it back? Don’t panic — Git keeps the history, and restoring files is easier than you might think. This guide walks through multiple methods for recovering deleted files in Git. 🔍 1. Identify the Deleted File and Its Commit First, find the commit where the file existed before deletion: git log --diff-filter=D --summary This shows deleted files and the commits where the deletions occurred. ...